Causes and Treatments of Pedophilia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Causes and Treatments of Pedophilia - Essay Example It is a controversial topic, one of both loathing and one of endearment; victims are marred, offenders gratified. The presence of pedophilia causes society to react, to always be on the defensive. Similarly, such a diseasing, injurious obsession is challenging to society for a number of reasons. For one, pedophilia is not easily detected--it is not visible. Even though the act itself is a physical one, the sexual desire that is present inside of an adult for a child is secreted from the world. Secondly, those that are afflicted with pedophilia are reluctant to come clean about their lust for children. Accepting responsibility for their actions is as demanding as acknowledging that their addiction to nonconsenting or even consenting children is unethical. Thirdly, monitoring pedophilia is problematical. The difficulty arises because the majority of pedophiles are not registered as sex offenders and have limitless access to children. In addition, children seem to be just as reluctant t o confess as the offender. Due to its insidiousness, pedophilia, arguably, produces great shame in the individual. Why else would most sex offenders choose to hide what they cherish the most from the rest of the world Pedophilia is onerous to everyone involved, children, parents of the children, the offender, and to psychological clinicians. ... DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) describes it as atypical sexual disorders typified by "recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors generally involvingchildren or other nonconsenting persons that occur over a period of 6 months" (Malin, Paraphilias, 32). But, even with a clear definition of pedophilia, a precise or a specific answer to its cause remains blurred. It then becomes necessary to look beyond definitional answers and lean more towards the psychology of this particular disorder. Malin notes, some individuals that are laden with incontrollable sexual urges have these impulses as "a result of brain trauma, neoplasms, temporal lobe damage, or epilepsy and may manifest as hyposexuality or hypersexuality, particularly in men" (33). Accordingly, other "psychiatric conditions such as feeble mindedness" attribute to a heightened desire for sexual activity, i.e. "masturbation, or nocturnal pollutions" (33). These two part icular acts, masturbation and nocturnal pollution, give psychologists a foundation when attempting to determine certain causes for pedophilia, especially in seemingly normal persons. In a similar vein, masturbation, nocturnal pollutions, and pedophilia are unique. These are phenomena that seem to be associated with males more so than females, which generates another theory. In his study, Malin found that: such excessive stimulation need not always be intentional. For example, one theory enjoying some degree of acceptance in early psychoanalytic circles was that infants born to hereditary tainted mothers were predisposed to develop a fur fetish by coming into contact with their mother's pubic hair during birth (33). This, however, is the least likely cause.

SIM335 Managing Projects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

SIM335 Managing Projects - Essay Example Any concurrent activities, which activity follows which? The network diagram will look as below and boxes represent the following aspects: If activity A has duration of 4 days, earliest start time would be day 0 (zero) and the earliest finish would be day 4. The earliest start for activity B would be day 4 and the earliest finish would be day 9 as a result of adding. Earliest finish of activity A (4) + duration of activity B (5) = 9 early finish for activity B In general, earliest finish of previous activity+ duration of current activity= earliest finish of the current activity. (Early finish for earlier tasks becomes the early the start for next activity). For a case like activity G that has several preceding activities, we take the value, which has the largest earlier finish value (F 13). The latest start and latest finish are determined by working backwards through the project. Latest start for activity Q = earliest finish of activity Q because it is the last activity. In general: Latest start= latest finish– duration The latest start used as the latest finish for the previous activity. For instance, the latest start for activity Q is 93–5= 88 and this is used as the value for latest finish for activity P. for activities like I & J we use the latest start for activity K. for activity H we take the least value for latest start in this case is 34 (latest start for activity I). ... calculated by: Early finish– early start– duration=Total float For instance, to calculate total float between activities G &H =34–13–(13+8) =0 Critical path is the least amount of time that can be taken to complete the project. This means that there is no float, no free time and a delay in the critical path can lead to a delay in project completion. It can be determined by adding the duration of each activity in the sequence where there is no float. In our case, the critical path is from activity A to Q in the sequence: A(4)+F(9)+G(13)+H(8)+I(7)+K(8)+L(13)+M(9)+N(4)+O(4)+P(9)+Q(5) =93. It is very important as it helps in time scheduling of consecutive activities in a project. Events that occur here are known as milestone (Harold, 2009). If the activity begins on Monday January 16th, the project needs a total of 122 days to finish with a five-day working period then we find out how many weeks we be will need. If one week has a total of 5 working days then t he project will take 122?5=24 weeks and four days, then the project will end on Thursday 5th July 2012. In case activity B is delayed by two days, there would be no effect on the total project duration because it has a float of four days. This is however not the case for activities P and O, delaying activity P by two days or activity O by a day will affect the total duration of the project because there is no float for the two activities (Harold, 2009). Limitations of network diagrams The time estimates depend on personal bias, there is no specific formula for determining the duration of the activities and speculation is used. This may affect the whole project just in case any activity is delayed or takes a longer duration to finish. As seen from above, activities without float if delayed for any reason can